Nhanganyaya kuGPSR

1.Chii chinonzi GPSR?
GPSR inoreva ichangoburwa General Chigadzirwa Chekuchengetedza Regulation yakapihwa neEuropean Commission, iri murairo wakakosha wekuona kuchengetedzwa kwechigadzirwa mumusika weEU. Zvichatanga kushanda muna Zvita 13, 2024, uye GPSR ichatsiva yazvino General Chigadzirwa Chekuchengetedza Dirairi uye Chikafu Imitation Chigadzirwa Directive.
Chikamu chekushandisa: Uyu murairo unoshanda kune zvese zvisiri zvekudya zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika uye online.
2.Ndeipi misiyano pakati peGPSR nemitemo yakapfuura yekuchengetedza?
GPSR nhevedzano yekuchinja kwakakosha uye kuvandudzwa kune yapfuura EU General Product Safety Directive (GPSD). Panyaya yekutevedzera chigadzirwa munhu ane mutoro, kunyorwa kwechigadzirwa, magwaro etifiketi, uye nzira dzekutaurirana, GPSR yakaunza zvitsva zvinodikanwa, zvine misiyano yakakura kubva kuGPSD.
1) Kuwedzera muChigadzirwa Kutevedzera Munhu Ane mutoro

GPSD: ① Mugadziri ② Mugoveri ③ Mutengesi ④ Mumiririri Wemugadziri
GPSR: ① Vagadziri, ② Vanobva kunze kwenyika, ③ Vashambadzi, ④ Vamiriri Vakatenderwa, ⑤ Vanopa Masevhisi, ⑥ Vanopa Pamusika Wepamhepo, ⑦ Masangano Kunze Kwevagadziri Anoita Magadzirirwo Akakosha kune Zvigadzirwa [Akawedzera Marudzi matatu]
2) Kuwedzerwa kwemavara echigadzirwa
GPSD: ① Kuzivikanwa kweMugadziri uye ruzivo rwakadzama ② Nhamba yereferensi yechigadzirwa kana nhamba yebatch ③ Ruzivo rweyambiro (kana zvichibvira)
GPSR: ① Rudzi rwechigadzirwa, batch kana serial nhamba ② Zita remugadziri, zita rekutengesa rakanyoreswa kana chiratidzo ③ Kero yemugadziri neyemagetsi ④ Ruzivo rweyambiro (kana zvichibvira) ⑤ Zera rakakodzera vana (kana zvichibvira) 【Akawedzera marudzi maviri 】
3) Mamwe magwaro ehumbowo hwakadzama
GPSD: ① Chinyorwa chekuraira ② Chirevo chekuyedza
GPSR: ① Zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi ② Chinyorwa chekuraira ③ Chirevo chekuyedza 【 Mapepa ehunyanzvi akaunzwa】
4) Kuwedzera mumatanho ekutaurirana
GPSD: N/A
GPSR: ① Nhamba yefoni ② kero yeemail ③ Webhusaiti yeMugadziri 【 Yakawedzerwa nzira yekutaurirana, yakagadziridzwa kutaurirana
Segwaro remutemo pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwechigadzirwa muEuropean Union, GPSR inosimbisa kumwe kusimbiswa kwekutonga kwekuchengetedza chigadzirwa muEU. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti vatengesi vakurumidze kuongorora kutevedza kwechigadzirwa kuti vave nechokwadi chekutengesa kwakajairika.
3.Ndezvipi zvinosungirwa zvinodiwa zveGPSR?
Zvinoenderana nemirairo yeGPSR, kana mushandisi akabata mukutengesa kure online, vanofanirwa kuratidza zvakajeka uye zvine mukurumbira ruzivo rwunotevera pawebhusaiti yavo:
a. Zita remugadziri, zita rekutengeserana rakanyoreswa kana chiratidzo, pamwe nekero yeposvo neyemagetsi.
b. Kana mugadziri asina kero yeEU, ipa zita uye neruzivo rwemunhu ane mutoro weEU.
c. Chigadzirwa identifier (senge mufananidzo, mhando, batch, tsananguro, serial nhamba).
d. Yambiro kana ruzivo rwekuchengetedza.
Naizvozvo, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekutengesa kunoenderana nekutengesa kwezvigadzirwa, vatengesi vanokodzera vanofanirwa kunyoresa munhu ane mutoro weEU kana vachiisa zvigadzirwa zvavo pamusika weEU uye voona kuti zvigadzirwa zvinotakura ruzivo rwunozivikanwa, kusanganisira zvinotevera:
①Akanyoreswa EU Munhu Ane mutoro
Zvinoenderana nemirairo yeGPSR, chigadzirwa chese chinotangwa mumusika weEU chinofanirwa kuve nemushandi wehupfumi akagadzwa muEU anotarisira mabasa ane chekuita nekuchengetedza. Ruzivo rwemunhu ane mutoro runofanira kuratidzwa zvakajeka pachigadzirwa kana kurongedza kwacho, kana mumagwaro anoperekedza. Ita shuwa kuti magwaro ehunyanzvi anogona kupihwa kumasangano anoona nezvemusika sezvinodiwa, uye kana paine kusashanda, tsaona, kana kuyeuka zvigadzirwa kubva kune vanogadzira kunze kweEU, vamiriri vane mvumo kubva kuEU vanobata uye kuzivisa vane masimba.
②Iva nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chine ruzivo rwunozivikanwa
Panyaya yekuteedzera, vagadziri vane chisungo chekuona kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinotakura ruzivo rwunozivikanwa, senge batch kana serial nhamba, kuitira kuti vatengi vaone zviri nyore uye vazvizive. GPSR inoda vashandi vehupfumi kuti vape ruzivo nezve zvigadzirwa uye vaone vanovatenga kana vatengesi mukati memakore gumi nematanhatu mushure mekupa, zvichiteerana. Naizvozvo, vatengesi vanofanirwa kushingaira kuunganidza uye kuchengeta data rakakodzera.

Musika weEU uri kuwedzera kusimbaradza ongororo yayo yekuteera kwechigadzirwa, uye makuru e-commerce mapuratifomu ari kuisa mberi zvishoma nezvishoma zvinodiwa zvekuteedzera chigadzirwa. Vatengesi vanofanirwa kutanga kutevedzera kuzviongorora kuti vaone kuti chigadzirwa chinosangana nezvinodiwa zvemitemo. Kana chigadzirwa chikaonekwa kuti hachienderane nevakuru venzvimbo mumusika weEurope, zvinogona kutungamira kuyeuchidzo yechigadzirwa, uye kutoda kubviswa kwechigadzirwa kuitira kukwidza nyaya uye kutangazve kutengesa.